Olave Or Boyd
5) Boyd’s fantasy ceiling is now tied to either Chase or Higgins missing time. See where he values Justin Fields, Tony Pollard and DOnta Foreman. Matthew Boyd tossed a quick first inning with just a routine single from Adley Rutschman allowed, and Zack McKinstry picked up right where he left off in game one. While rookie JaMarr Chase and second-year pro Tee Higgins have garnered most of the attention in the Bengals passing game, Tyler Boyd. Boyd eclipsed 100 receiving yards in the Bengals first win of 2022 last week, and both Reynolds and Chark have had big games this year in the Lions surprising offense. Olave Or BoydI don’t see Claypool getting much playing time this week. Look: Tyler Boyd, JaMarr Chase, Tee Higgins, Vacation With Damar Hamlin. Olave is a polished prospect who finished 11th or better in yards per route run in two of the last three seasons (minimum 50 targets per PFF). Buffalo lost Pro Bowl linebacker Tremaine Edmunds and didn’t replace him. 6 Chris Olave, Saints vs. Rookie wide receiver Chris Olave had a relatively quiet performance in the Saints Week 10 loss, but he should be set up to get back on track versus the Rams on Sunday. Who should I start? Chris Olave or Tyler Boyd? Get fantasy football advice for your lineups. Olave had five receptions (on 12 targets) for 60 yards and one touchdown during Sundays 10-7 defeat to the Panthers. Who should you start in week 10 for your fantasy league? Well show you all of the week 10 matchups and injury news to help you win your matchup this week. Chris Olave or Tyler Boyd. Week 12 Fantasy Football WR Rankings. Chris Olave or Tyler Boyd / Who Should I Start for Week 22 Get expert fantasy help on your decision to start Chris Olave or Tyler Boyd. Fantasy WR Rankings Week 6: Who to start, sit at wide. Fantasy WR Rankings Week 4: Who to start, sit at wide. Our free tool instantly recommends which NFL players to draft. We offer recommendations from over 100 fantasy football experts along with player statistics, the latest news. Pat Mayo is an award-winning video host and producer of long and short-form content, and the host of The Pat Mayo Experience daily talk show. By Michael Quintero On Nov 2, 2022. Chase Claypool was traded to the Bears and Calvin Ridley was traded to the Jaguars. Get instant advice on your decision to draft Chris Olave or Tyler Boyd in 2022. The trade deadline was rather uneventful for my Week 9 wide receiver rankings list. 2022 Dynasty Fantasy Football Tiers: Wide Receivers. Tyler Boyd start or sit: Week 5 fantasy football advice>Tyler Boyd start or sit: Week 5 fantasy football advice. Rookie Chris Olave leads all wide receivers with 372 air yards entering Week 3. Pat Mayo reveals his 2022 Week 9 WR rankings, starts, sits and streams for fantasy football. Boyd is a strong start this week. Updated Fantasy Football Rankings for 2023 NFL Season. Week 22: Chris Olave or Tyler Boyd NFL DFS Optimal Lineup Options Locked Players 0 Excluded Players 0 Excluded Teams 0 Platform Game Type Slate Stack Team Exlude. Chris Olave or Tyler Boyd / Who Should I Start for Week 22 Get expert fantasy help on your decision to start Chris Olave or Tyler Boyd. Boyd (WR, CIN). Tyler Boyd’s status as the Bengals safety blanket on third downs and during crucial moments of games doesn’t seem to be changing anytime soon. Chris Olave or Tyler Boyd. Still trying to decide between Boyd and Olave? Check on the latest news to make sure both players are active and healthy. Trade Analyzer. Who should I draft? Chris Olave or Tyler Boyd? Get fantasy football advice for your drafts. Chris Olave Still trying to decide between. FINAL: #Tigers 5, #STLCards 4 WP: Boyd (2-2) LP: Hicks (0-3) -- 0. Get instant advice on your decision to start Chris Olave or Tyler Boyd for Week 18. Week 22: Chris Olave or Tyler Boyd. Who to start: Tyler Boyd (CIN) faces a defense allowing the second-most fantasy points to wide receivers this season. Olave is a polished prospect who finished 11th or better in yards per route run in two of the last. Tyler Boyd, Cincinnati Bengals - 51% rostered Lets not forget that Tyler Boyd exists. Chris Olave or Tyler Boyd Chris Olave or Tyler Lockett. Heres #STLCards manager Oliver Marmols starting lineup vs @Tigers LHP Matthew Boyd (1-2, 5. Baltimore Ravens 2022 · 5-3-0 Olave is coming off of a down game by his standards where he caught five balls for 52. I don’t see Claypool getting much playing time this. Who should I draft? Chris Olave or Tyler Boyd? Get fantasy football advice for your drafts. Check on the latest news to make sure both players are active and healthy. RT @NavalInstitute: #OTD in 1999, Oliver Reed died while filming GLADIATOR. Tyler Boyd start or sit: Week 9 fantasy football advice>Tyler Boyd start or sit: Week 9 fantasy football advice. New Orleans Saints rookie WR Chris Olave has earned near auto-start treatment, and a boom could be incoming against the Raiders’ vulnerable secondary. A trade occurred which included TE Freiermuth. Bills 12 Tyler Boyd, Bengals @ Steelers 13 Courtland Sutton, Broncos vs. 2022 Fantasy Football players and teams Ranks from Christopher Harris. 7 hours ago · Boyd is the ultimate No. Who To Start for Fantasy Football in Week 12 (2022). 3 wideout, shifting from a two-time 1,000-yard receiver to a complementary target with three 700-yard seasons. Chris Olave (22. Boyd had his best performance of the young NFL season during Cincinnati’s Week 4 win over the Jaguars, catching nine passes for 118 yards in the victory. Cardinals Lions @ Giants 11 Amari Cooper, Browns vs. 7 Chris Olave, Saints vs. Boyd has beaten the Browns for 20-plus points three times in their last six meetings dating back to 2018. Our PPR projections show that Tyler Boyd is projected to score 9. Most recently, he had five catches on eight targets for 69 yards and a touchdown. A trade occurred which included TE Freiermuth. Fantasy Football Week 12 Lineup Decisions - Chris Olave, Najee Harris, Dameon Pierce, Joshua Palmer, Miles Sanders. Oliver and Boyd was a British publishing and printing firm that traded from 1807 or 1808 until 1990. Tyler Boyd start or sit: Week 9 fantasy football advice. Olave is a polished prospect who finished 11th or better in yards per route run in two of the last three seasons (minimum 50 targets per PFF). November 27, 2022 With the WR rankings entering Week 12 being shaken up by injury situations, fantasy football managers are facing some tough decisions this. Chris Olave or Tyler Lockett. The Falcons’ ridiculously banged-up secondary adds credence to the idea that Carolina Panthers WR D. Olave had five receptions (on 12 targets) for 60 yards and one touchdown during Sundays 10-7 defeat to the Panthers. Fantasy Football analysis: Bengals WR Tyler Boyd. 6 Chris Olave, Saints vs. • Chris Olave vs. The trade occurred multiple days before he got hurt, but its still going through. We delve deep into analytics to provide the best advice plus the latest breaking news. Get instant advice on your decision to start Chris Olave or Tyler Boyd for Week 18. There also could be tier movement for some players here based on how free agency and the draft plays out, so check back in as news develops this offseason. Get instant advice on your decision to start Chris Olave or Tyler Boyd for Week 18. Get instant advice on your decision to start Chris Olave or Tyler Boyd for Week 18. Russell Gage is coming off two productive seasons with the Falcons. Chris Olave or Tyler Boyd. Brown, Eagles @ Colts 9 Davante Adams, Raiders @ Broncos 10 Amari Cooper, Browns. Chris Godwin or Chris Olave Darnell Mooney or Chase Claypool Darnell Mooney or Devin Duvernay Tyler Lockett or Tyler Boyd Devonta Smith or Dj Moore Kirk. Tee Higgins could be returning from. After catching 72-of-109 targets for 786 yards for four touchdowns in 2020, Gage stepped up again this past season, securing 66-of-94 targets for 770 yards and another four scores. Fantasy Football analysis: Bengals WR Tyler Boyd. Sports Illustrated Slots Jets Higher Than Six AFC Teams in NFL Draft Rankings. Our PPR projections show that Tyler Boyd is projected to score 9. As the fantasy football playoffs roll on, getting stable production out of your wide receivers is essential. Fantasy WR Rankings Week 12: Tyler Boyd, Joshua Palmer, …. Who should I draft? Chris Olave or Tyler Boyd? Get fantasy football advice for your drafts. Ridley is suspended all season and Claypool doesn’t make my top 50 list. Tyler Boyd’s status as the Bengals safety blanket on third downs and during crucial moments of games doesn’t seem to be changing anytime soon. 7 Chris Olave, Saints vs. Who Do I Draft: Chris Olave or Tyler Boyd. (Subscribe for video or audio). Fantasy Football ranks at Harris Football. Boyd is the ultimate No. In Week 1 against Pittsburgh, Boyd had four catches for 33 yards and a touchdown on seven targets. Boyd eclipsed 100 receiving yards in the Bengals first win of 2022 last. Fantasy Football Week 12 Lineup Decisions - Chris Olave, Najee Harris, Dameon Pierce, Joshua Palmer, Miles Sanders. Let’s examine where some intriguing options, such as Tyler Boyd, Joshua Palmer, and Darius Slayton, fall in PFN’s Week 12 WR rankings. Get instant advice on your decision to draft Tyler Boyd or Chris Olave in 2022. Get instant advice on your decision to draft Chris Olave or Tyler Boyd in 2022. These rankings are for standard, non-PPR leagues. 7 hours ago · He missed much of 2022 with injuries but racked up 95 catches for Ohio State in 2021 while sharing the receiving corps with now-NFL stars Garrett Wilson and Chris Olave. Get instant advice on your decision to start Mecole Hardman or Tyler Boyd for Week 17. Chris Olave or Tyler Boyd. Who to start in fantasy football: Week 11 rankings, start. New Orleans Saints rookie WR Chris Olave has earned near auto-start treatment, and a boom could be incoming against the Raiders’ vulnerable secondary. November 27, 2022 With the WR rankings entering Week 12 being shaken up by injury situations, fantasy football managers are facing some tough decisions this week. Fantasy Football analysis: Bengals WR Tyler Boyd While rookie Ja’Marr Chase and second-year pro Tee Higgins have garnered most of the attention in the Bengals’ passing game, Tyler Boyd remains a meaningful contributor. Tyler Boyd’s status as the Bengals safety blanket on third downs and during crucial moments of games doesn’t seem to be changing anytime soon. Chris Olave or Mike Williams Aj Dillon or Dameon Pierce Breece Hall or Kareem Hunt Tom Brady or Derek Carr Chris Olave or Diontae Johnson Pat Freiermuth or David Njoku Tom Brady or Russell. ET, CBS) DFS Bargains • Gabe Davis vs. Week 6 fantasy WR rankings for standard leagues. Please click hereif you are not redirected within a few seconds. Fantasy Football analysis: Bengals WR Tyler Boyd While rookie Ja’Marr Chase and second-year pro Tee Higgins have garnered most of the attention in the Bengals’ passing game, Tyler Boyd remains a meaningful contributor. Wide Receiver Risers, Fallers. Olave had five receptions (on 12 targets) for 60 yards and one touchdown during Sundays 10-7 defeat to the Panthers. Get instant advice on your decision to start Mecole Hardman or Tyler Boyd for Week 17. By Michael Quintero On Nov 2, 2022. Boyd is a strong start this week. Pat Mayo reveals his 2022 Week 9 WR rankings, starts, sits and streams for fantasy football. coms 2022 Fantasy Football Ranks from Christopher Harris: Rest-Of-Season Ranks (Standard and PPR). Moore at Falcons • Chris Olave vs. Boyd had his best performance of the young NFL season during Cincinnati’s Week 4 win over the Jaguars, catching nine passes for 118 yards in the victory. Week 6 fantasy WR rankings for standard leagues. Boyd or Chris Olave>Who Should I Start? Tyler Boyd or Chris Olave. Brown, Eagles @ Colts 9 Davante Adams, Raiders @ Broncos 10 Amari Cooper, Browns @ Bills 11 Amon-Ra St. Who Should I Start? Tyler Boyd or Chris Olave. Lets examine where some intriguing options, such as Tyler Boyd, Joshua Palmer, and Darius Slayton, fall in PFNs Week 12 WR rankings. Fantasy Football analysis: Bengals WR Tyler Boyd While rookie Ja’Marr Chase and second-year pro Tee Higgins have garnered most of the attention in the Bengals’ passing game, Tyler Boyd remains a meaningful contributor. Boyd is still second on the team in targets, receptions, and receiving yards. Boyd’s 38 receptions rank second on the team despite coming in third in targets (55). Hollins has seen steady targets two weeks in a row, while Jones has had two high-target games in the first three weeks. Week 8: Start Em, Sit Em Wide Receivers. After losing two consecutive games, the Cincinnati Bengals have a chance to reverse the narrative around them with a win over the Las Vegas Raiders on Sunday. May 3, 2023 The 2023 NFL draft has come and gone, so we now have a clear idea of what a lot of the team rosters and depth charts will look like when training camps open. Boyd is entering the final year of his contract, and its. Who should you start in week 4 for your fantasy league? Well show you all of the week 4 matchups and injury news to help you win your matchup this week. The trade occurred multiple days before he got hurt, but. Who should you start in week 4 for your fantasy league? Well show you all of the week 4 matchups and injury news to help you win your matchup this week. Images provided by Icon Sportswire. Fantasy football Week 11 start sit: Should I play Chris Olave. Tyler Boyd start or sit: Week 5 fantasy football advice. Who Do I Draft: Chris Olave or Tyler Boyd NFL Draft Kit Draft Rankings Auction Values Risk Profiles Defensive Matchups Depth Charts Tier Sheets Who Do I Draft? Show Help. Fantasy WR Rankings Week 11: Who to start, sit at wide receiver …. Chris Olave or Tyler Lockett. Pat Mayo reveals his 2022 Week 16 WR rankings, starts, sits and streams for fantasy football. Pat Mayo reveals his 2022 Week 16 WR rankings, starts, sits and streams for fantasy football. Reed had consumed 8 pints of beer, 12 shots of rum, half a bottle of whisky, and shots of cognac after challenging sailors from HMS Cumberland to a drinking contest in a pub. A solid contributor, Boyd’s fantasy ceiling is now tied to either Chase or Higgins missing time. Chris Olave or Allen Lazard Justin Fields or Josh Allen Devin Singletary or James Conner Donta Foreman or Cordarrelle Patterson Tyler Lockett or Dk Metcalf Dalton Schultz or Tyler Higbee Gerald. Boyd start or sit: Week 11 fantasy football advice>Tyler Boyd start or sit: Week 11 fantasy football advice. Add as many players as youd like to each trade scenario. Oliver and Boyd was a British publishing and printing firm that traded from 1807 or 1808 until 1990. 2 points this week while Chris Olave is projected to score 0. Boyd’s 38 receptions rank second on the team despite coming in third in targets (55). Orioles 6, Tigers 4 (Gm 2): A. Buffalo lost Pro Bowl linebacker. Hayden Hurst (CIN) has at least four receptions or a TD in seven of nine. Matthew Boyd tossed a quick first inning with just a routine single from Adley Rutschman allowed, and Zack McKinstry picked up right where he left off in game one. Tyler Boyd vs. The grave of Thomas Oliver, Grange Cemetery. Based on 2022 production, you could bump the San Francisco 49ers into the honorable mentions. Who Do I Draft: Chris Olave or Tyler Boyd NFL Draft Kit Draft Rankings Auction Values Risk Profiles Defensive Matchups Depth Charts Tier Sheets Who Do I Draft? Show Help Fantasy Football Draft. Who Do I Draft? Show Help Fantasy Football Draft Kit 2022. When it comes to ranking players, SportsLines model beat human experts in Fantasy football for the past several seasons especially when there were big differences in ranking. The trade occurred multiple days before he got hurt, but it’s still going through. Who should you start in week 10 for your fantasy league? Well show you all of the week 10 matchups and injury news to help you win your matchup this week. The Steelers are a different defense with T. Boyd is still second on the team in targets, receptions, and receiving yards. We offer recommendations from over 100 fantasy football experts!. Fantasy Football: Week 8 Mismatch Manifesto & Top Blow. The New Orleans Saints face the Los Angeles Rams in Week 11, with kickoff set for 1:00 p. Chris Olave or Mike Williams Aj Dillon or Dameon Pierce Breece Hall or Kareem Hunt Tom Brady or Derek Carr Chris Olave or Diontae Johnson Pat Freiermuth or David Njoku Tom Brady or Russell. We delve deep into analytics to provide the. Who To Start for Fantasy Football in Week 4 (2022). Olave and Boyd or Jeff Wilson and Brandon Cooks?. Each player is assigned a trade rating that is updated daily. Week 22: Chris Olave or Tyler Boyd. Tyler Boyd at Browns (Mon. 6 Chris Olave, Saints vs. Who to start: Tyler Boyd (CIN) faces a defense allowing the second-most fantasy points to wide receivers this season. Deebo Samuel, as exciting as he is, ended the campaign with a modest 632 receiving yards. A veteran starter that can accrue points immediately based on where a current roster is and other times chasing more youth and upside for the future. Rankings changes: Little movement among the top 20 options, though returning Arizona Cardinals star DeAndre Hopkins zooms right back into WR1 range, and Saints rookie Chris Olave. Olave >Fantasy football Week 11 start sit: Should I play Chris Olave. Bijan Robinson, at RB4, is among 24 rookies to make the first post-draft rankings. Fantasy Football Trade Analyzer and Trade Calculator. Chris Olave or Tyler Boyd / Who Should I Start for Week 22 Get expert fantasy help on your decision to start Chris Olave or Tyler Boyd. Your studs are usually going to show out, but a big game from your WR3/flex can be the. Fantasy WR Rankings Week 16: Who to start, sit at wide. ET, Fox) • Tyler Boyd at Steelers (4:25 p. The Orioles beat up on Boyd, while a Tyler Nevin blast provided most of the Tigers’ offense. The firm has been described as a stalwart in Scottish publishing. Wide receiver. Things quickly unraveled from. 7 hours ago · He missed much of 2022 with injuries but racked up 95 catches for Ohio State in 2021 while sharing the receiving corps with now-NFL stars Garrett Wilson and Chris. Chris Godwin or Chris Olave Darnell Mooney or Chase Claypool Darnell Mooney or Devin Duvernay Tyler Lockett or Tyler Boyd Devonta Smith or Dj Moore Kirk Cousins or Justin Fields Christian Kirk. ET, ESPN): Boyds value is on the rise, as the Bengals have lost JaMarr Chase for at least the next four weeks with an injured hip. Fantasy Football analysis: Bengals WR Tyler Boyd While rookie Ja’Marr Chase and second-year pro Tee Higgins have garnered most of the attention in the. Tyler Lockett or Tyler Boyd Aaron Rodgers or Tom Brady Raheem Mostert or Miles Sanders Tyler Allgeier or Aj Dillon Chris Godwin or Chris Olave Dawson Knox or Taysom Hill Derek Carr or Trevor. He had his best game of the season, catching four passes for 105 yards and a touchdown. Updated Fantasy Football Rankings for 2023 NFL Season. Chris Olave or Tyler Boyd / Who Should I Start for Week 22 Get expert fantasy help on your decision to start Chris Olave or Tyler Boyd. Who should you start in week 10 for your fantasy league? Well show you all of the week 10 matchups and injury news to help you win your matchup this week. Matthew Boyd tossed a quick first inning with just a routine single from Adley Rutschman allowed, and Zack McKinstry picked up right where he left off in game one. Olave (WR, NO) +. Who Do I Draft: Chris Olave or Tyler Boyd NFL Draft Kit Draft Rankings Auction Values Risk Profiles Defensive Matchups Depth Charts Tier Sheets Who Do I Draft? Show Help Fantasy Football Draft. Who should I draft? Chris Olave or Tyler Boyd? Get fantasy football advice for your drafts. Chris Olave or Allen Lazard Justin Fields or Josh Allen Devin Singletary or James Conner Donta Foreman or Cordarrelle Patterson Tyler Lockett or Dk Metcalf Dalton Schultz or Tyler Higbee Gerald. Week 10: Who Should I Start?. Hollins has seen steady targets two weeks in a row, while Jones has had two high-target games in the first three weeks. Browns ($6,300) • Darnell Mooney at Falcons ($5,400) • Darius Slayton vs. 2 points this week while Chris Olave is projected to score 0. Moore could keep on keeping on after last week’s top-10 finish. Injuries have dominated the Fantasy Football landscape in these early weeks of the season, and thats been especially true at wide receiver, where we entered play Sunday with Amon-Ra St. The New Orleans Saints face the Los Angeles Rams in Week 11, with kickoff set for 1:00 p. Our fantasy trade analyzer is #1 in the industry and is a trusted source for a decade plus. 2 Stefon Diggs, Bills @ Chiefs. Chris Olave New Orleans Saints · WR VS. After taking the first of two on Saturday, the Tigers were looking to seize hold of this four-game. Watt on the field, but Pittsburgh has allowed the. A trade occurred which included TE Freiermuth. Updated Fantasy Football Rankings for 2023 NFL Season. Our free tool instantly recommends which NFL players to start. The Bills are still one of the top Super Bowl contenders, but the roster is starting to show some issues, Verderame wrote. 47 ERA): Edman 2B Goldschmidt 1B Contreras DH Arenado 3B Carlson CF Yepez LF DeJong SS Nootbaar RF Knizner C. Christian Watson or Samaje Perine. Tyler Boyd at Browns (Mon. Based on 2022 production, you could bump the San Francisco 49ers into the honorable mentions. Darius Slayton or Cordarrelle Patterson. Eric Karabell updates his rankings of fantasy football trade value for players at every position and in his top 100 overall. KMOX Sports on Twitter: Heres #STLCards manager Oliver. Still trying to decide between Boyd and Olave? Check on the latest news to make sure both players are active and healthy. Who To Start for Fantasy Football in Week 9 (2022). 2 IP, 3 ER, 1 H, 2 BB, 1 K STL: 7th straight loss; 5-12 at Busch Stadium STL: Jordan Montgomery 6 IP, 2 ER, 6 H Ejected in the 9th inning: Manager Oliver Marmol & bench coach Joe McEwing Time of game: 3:08. Heres #STLCards manager Oliver Marmols starting lineup vs @Tigers LHP Matthew Boyd (1-2, 5. The 2023 NFL draft has come and gone, so we now have a. May 3, 2023 The 2023 NFL draft has come and gone, so we now have a clear idea of what a lot of the team rosters and depth charts will look like when training camps open. Boyd is entering the final year of his contract, and its. *Player Age = Age on 9/1/2022. Tyler Boyd, Cincinnati Bengals - 51% rostered Lets not forget that Tyler Boyd exists. Who Do I Draft: Chris Olave or Tyler Boyd NFL Draft Kit Draft Rankings Auction Values Risk Profiles Defensive Matchups Depth Charts Tier Sheets Who Do I Draft? Show Help Fantasy Football Draft. The side with the larger number has the stronger players. The Bills are still one of the top Super Bowl contenders, but the roster is starting to show some issues, Verderame wrote. Chris Olave or Tyler Lockett. On the year, Boyd has played in all eight games and has 37 receptions on 53 targets for 398 yards and he has found the endzone twice. Chris Olave or Russell Gage. Dameon Pierce or Jamaal Williams. Start Em, Sit Em Wide Receivers Fantasy Football Week 8. Dominate Fantasy Baseball - Sync your team29,863,055 NFL Home. Chris Olave Still trying to decide between Boyd and Olave? Check on the latest news to make sure both players are active and healthy. A solid contributor, Boyd’s fantasy ceiling is now tied to either Chase or Higgins missing time. Tyler Boyd start or sit: Week 11 fantasy football advice. Wide Receiver Waiver Wire Pickups. Risk Profiles. November 27, 2022 With the WR rankings entering Week 12 being shaken up by injury situations, fantasy football managers are facing some tough decisions this week. Chris Olave or Tyler Boyd. FINAL: #Tigers 5, #STLCards 4 WP: Boyd (2-2) LP: Hicks (0-3) -- 0. Darius Slayton or Cordarrelle. Davante Adams is second overall with (258), followed by Courtland Sutton (254), Tyreek Hill (247), Corey Davis. NFLs Top WR Groups After 2023 NFL Draft. Bills 12 Tyler Boyd, Bengals @ Steelers 13 Courtland Sutton, Broncos vs. Trouble Brewing? Bills Roster Showing Issues After NFL Draft. Eric Karabell updates his rankings of fantasy football trade value for players at every position and in his top 100 overall. The team receiving Freiermuth wants me to veto trade. A veteran starter that can accrue points immediately based on where a current roster is and other times chasing more youth and upside for the future. 7 Chris Olave, Saints vs. As the fantasy football playoffs roll on, getting stable production out of your wide receivers is essential.